The optical splitter distributes the transmitted optical signal in one optical fiber to multiple optical fibers. There are many types of distribution, 1 × 2, 1 × 4, 1 × N, or 2 × 4, M × N. A fiber broadband provider typically determines and overall split ratio for the network, such as 1x32 or 1x64, and uses combinations of splitters to meet that ratio with each PON port. A fiber-optic splitter, also known as a beam splitter, is based on a quartz substrate of an integrated waveguide optical power distribution device, similar to a coaxial cable transmission system.
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